How to Determine the Major or Minor Scale Associated with a Specific Mode Such as Dorian
Understanding the relationship between specific modes, such as the Dorian mode, and their corresponding major or minor scales is a fundamental concept in music theory. This knowledge is crucial for musicians, composers, and music enthusiasts looking to deepen their understanding of musical structure and composition. In this article, we will explore two methods to determine the major or minor scale associated with a given mode, with a particular focus on the Dorian mode.
Method 1: Using Common Denominators
One straightforward way to understand the relationship between modes and scales is through common denominators or common categorizations. Modes and scales are often used interchangeably, with each mode having its corresponding major or minor scale. Specifically, the major scale is also referred to as the Ionian mode, and the natural minor scale is known as the Aeolian mode. This means that we have three primary modes to consider: Ionian, Dorian, and Aeolian.
Ionian: The Major Scale
The Ionian mode is synonymous with the major scale, characterized by its bright and cheerful sound. Its interval structure is as follows:
Whole-Whole-Half-Whole-Whole-Whole-Half
For example, a C major scale (Ionian mode) consists of the notes: C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C.
Dorian: The Second Mode
The Dorian mode, on the other hand, is the second mode of the major scale. It is derived from the same notes as the major scale but starts on the second note of the scale. Its interval structure is as follows:
Whole-Half-Whole-Whole-Whole-Half-Whole
To illustrate, for every major scale, there is a related Dorian mode built on the second note of the scale. For example, the D Dorian scale, which starts on note D, is simply the Dorian mode of the C major scale: D-E-F-G-A-B-C-D. Similarly, the F major scale has a related Dorian mode, F Dorian: F-G-A-Bb-C-D-E-F.
Aeolian: The Sixth Mode
The Aeolian mode, also known as the natural minor scale, is the sixth mode of the major scale. It is built on the sixth note of the major scale and has its unique interval structure:
Whole-Half-Whole-Whole-Half-Whole-Whole
For example, the A Aeolian scale, which starts on note A, is the Aeolian mode of the G major scale: A-B-C-D-E-F-G-A. The D Aeolian scale, which starts on note D, is the Aeolian mode of the Bb major scale: D-E-F-G-A-Bb-C-D.
Method 2: Interval Analysis
A more rigorous method involves analyzing the intervals that make up each mode to determine the specific major or minor scale they correspond to. By identifying these intervals, you can understand how a set of tones fits into a particular scale.
Example: G Dorian and F Major
Consider the G Dorian scale, which uses the same notes as the F major scale but starts on note G. The G Dorian scale consists of the notes: G-A-Bb-C-D-E-F-G. This scale is built on the second note of the F major scale, making it the Dorian mode of F major.
Another Example: Bb Dorian and Ab Major
Similarly, the Bb Dorian scale shares the same notes as the Ab major scale but starts on note Bb. The Bb Dorian scale consists of the notes: Bb-C-D-Eb-F-G-A-Bb. This scale is the Dorian mode of Ab major, starting on the second note of the Ab major scale.
Conclusion
Understanding the relationship between the Dorian mode and its corresponding major or minor scales is essential for musicians and composers. By using common denominators or interval analysis, you can easily determine which major or minor scale a set of tones belongs to, based on the mode or scale in which it is played. With this knowledge, you can explore the rich tapestry of scales and modes, enhancing your musical creativity and interpretation.
Key Takeaways:
Dorian mode is the second mode of the major scale. The Dorian mode is built on the second note of the major scale. Using interval analysis, you can determine which major or minor scale a set of tones corresponds to.Additional Resources
To further enhance your understanding of scales and modes, consider exploring the following resources:
Books on music theory and composition. Online tutorials and courses on scales and modes. Music theory websites and forums.By learning the scales and modes, you can gain a deeper appreciation for the structure and beauty of music.