Understanding the Differences Between Full Size and Short Scale Electric Basses

When diving into the world of electric basses, one of the first things musicians often consider is the scale length of the bass. The scale length of an electric bass refers to the distance from the nut to the bridge saddles. This measurement plays a significant role in determining the playing feel, sound, and overall responsiveness of the instrument. In this article, we will explore the key differences between full size and short scale electric basses, and whether a full size bass can be played on a short scale with modifications.

What is the Scale Length?

Scale length is a crucial aspect of a bass guitar, as it directly affects the tension and playing feel of the instrument. Full scale electric basses typically have a nominal scale length of 34 inches, which is the standard length widely recognized as the 'full size' for bass guitars. Short scale electric basses, on the other hand, have a scale length of 30 inches or less. Additionally, there is the medium scale, which ranges between 32 and 33 inches. Each of these scale lengths offers unique characteristics and is suited for different musicians and playing styles.

Choosing the Right Scale Length

The choice between a full size and short scale electric bass largely comes down to individual preference and practicality. Full scale basses, with their longer strings, tend to create a fuller, more resonant tone. This is due to the longer strings producing lower frequencies, which are associated with a bass sound characteristic known as 'bassiness.' Short scale basses, however, have the advantage of allowing for thicker strings without being overly floppy, resulting in a distinct, sometimes punchier tone.

The Fender Precision Bass and Short Scale Tradition

Notable in the history of electric basses is the Fender Precision Bass, which was designed by Leo Fender in the 1950s. This bass utilizes a 34-inch scale and set the standard for full-sized bass guitars. On the other hand, Gibson's early bass models like the EB-0 feature a 30-inch scale, making them a common example of short scale basses. The shorter scale length reduces the tension on the strings, making it more comfortable and easier to play for beginners or those with smaller hands.

Can a Full Size Bass be Played on a Short Scale?

The short answer is that a full scale electric bass cannot be 'played on a short scale' without modifications. The scale length is an intrinsic part of the bass's design and cannot be changed without extensive physical modifications to the instrument. These modifications would involve relocating the nut and frets, a process which would alter the instrument significantly and is not typically recommended unless the user is experienced with such changes.

Personal Experience and Adjustments

Despite the inherent differences in scale length, adjusting to a different scale does have an impact on playing feel and sound. For example, the author's main bass is a medium scale, a '70s Fender Mustang bass, while they also own a '70s Guild bass with a long scale. When transitioning between the two, the main differences noticed include the frets being further apart on the full scale bass, requiring a bit more left hand stretch. Additionally, the neck is noticeably longer, making the left hand position when playing on the low frets feel a bit odd initially.

Tone and Sound Quality

The tone and sound quality differences between full and short scale basses are also noteworthy. The medium scale Mustang bass offers a lovely, sweet tone over most of the neck, though it can sometimes sound a bit hollow on the lowest notes, particularly the open E. In contrast, the full scale bass provides a fuller and deeper tone, particularly noticeable on the open E string, which sounds rich and full at any fret. These differences highlight the importance of choosing the right scale length for your playing style and preferences.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the differences between full size and short scale electric basses are significant and play a crucial role in the overall playing experience. While a full size bass cannot be 'played on a short scale' without substantial modifications, understanding the unique characteristics of each scale length can help musicians make informed decisions about their instrument choice. Whichever scale length you choose, the key is to find the one that best suits your playing style and offers the sound and feel you desire.