Did a Black Man Invent the Guitar?
The origins of the guitar are often shrouded in mystery, with many scholars and enthusiasts attributing its invention to various cultures and individuals. However, one often overlooked figure in this grand narrative is Robert Flemming, an African-American who made significant contributions to the evolution of the guitar in the United States.
History of the Guitar in the United States
The history of the guitar in the United States dates back to the 19th century, where it played a significant role in the development of various musical styles. During this period, the guitar was often found in the hands of non-professional musicians, specifically among the middle class who could not afford more expensive instruments.
One notable figure during this era was Justin Holland, an African-American classical guitarist who wrote "Modern Method for Guitar," published in 1876. Holland's method positioned the guitar within the realm of classical music and helped to legitimize the guitar as an art form in the United States.
From 19th to 20th Century
The 20th century witnessed significant developments in guitar music in the United States. The creation of the American Guild of Banjoists, Mandolinists and Guitarists in 1900 marked a formal recognition of the importance of the guitar. Notable figures like William Folden and C.D. Schettler performed at the first national convention in Carnegie Hall, aimed at fostering a deeper appreciation and study of the guitar.
In 1923, Vahdah Olcott Bickford co-founded the American Guitar Society, which played a pivotal role in promoting the guitar and its music. Her efforts, coupled with the legendary Andrés Segovia's debut in 1928, further established the guitar as a respected musical instrument in the United States.
The Guitar Foundation of America
The Guitar Foundation of America (GFA), established in 1973, marked a turning point in guitar education and promotion in the United States. Vahdah Bickford, a founding member, served on the organization's board, and its mission was to bring guitar teaching standards in line with those of traditional instruments.
Despite numerous achievements, the guitar in the United States has faced challenges, particularly in public schools. Classical guitar, while gaining some traction, still lags behind other instruments like orchestras and choirs. However, initiatives like the 2018 NAfME All-National Honor Guitar Ensemble showcase the growing recognition and importance of guitar education at the collegiate level.
Conclusion
The story of the guitar is complex and multifaceted, with contributions from diverse individuals and cultures. Robert Flemming, along with figures like Justin Holland and Vahdah Bickford, played significant roles in shaping the guitar's place in American music. As guitar education continues to evolve, the legacy of these pioneers should be celebrated and remembered.