How to Tune a Ukulele with a Tuner: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Tuning your ukulele correctly is a fundamental step to producing clear and pleasant sounds. For the traditional soprano ukulele, tuning was typically A4-D4-F4-B4, but starting around 1980, a new standard tuning of G4-C4-E4-A4 gained popularity. This shift can sometimes cause confusion, especially for beginners. In this guide, we explore the different tunings, key mnemonics, and practical tips for using a tuner to get your ukulele in tune.

Understanding the Traditional Tuning and Changes Over Time

The standard traditional tuning for the soprano ukulele was A4-D4-F4-B4, where D4 is the D above middle C on the piano. This tuning was the norm until around the 1980s. However, after 1980, a new standard tuning of G4-C4-E4-A4 took over and has become the norm for most contemporary ukulele books and music.

Useful Mnemonics for Ukulele Tuning

One way to remember the pitches of the strings is by the mnemonic "My dog has fleas," which stands for g-C-E-A. For guitar tuning, Johnny Clegg added another mnemonic: "My dog has fleas - and ticks" for the two low strings. These simple songs can help reinforce the order and pitch of the strings.

Key Points to Remember

Near-You Strings Labeling: The notes in standard tuning correspond to the strings closest to you: G, C, E, and A. String G Tension: Unlike some other stringed instruments, the G string on a ukulele is often set to two semitones lower than the top A string. This can make scales more challenging compared to guitar and should be noted before you start tuning. Tuning Process: Tuning involves comparing the pitch to a reference source and using a tuner to tighten or loosen the strings until they are in tune. Tuners can be electronic, app-based, or even tuning forks. Patience: Ukes can have durable strings, but the tuning process may take a while to settle, so be patient and consistent.

Investing in a Proper Tuner

For beginners, it's highly recommended to purchase an electronic tuner. These are relatively inexpensive and many models offer a visual display that allows you to tune by sight. This is particularly helpful if you are just learning to play. When choosing a tuner, look for a chromatic tuner.

Practical Tuning Tips

When tuning, ensure the string is below the required pitch and tune up to it. For example, when tuning the C string, start well below the required pitch and slowly tune up. The display on the tuner will show that you are getting closer to the note. Avoid tuners that try to guess the string you are tuning; you should know which string you are working on.

Conclusion

Tuning your ukulele correctly is essential for playing in harmony with other musicians or enjoying your own solo performances. By understanding the traditional and modern tunings, using useful mnemonics, and employing the right tuning techniques, you can get your ukulele perfectly in tune.